Charles bloemendal



(No Model.)

C. BLOEMBNDAL. PROCESS 0F PRODUGING HYDRAULIC MRTAR. No. 519,599.

WASHINGTON. o, c.

ATENT FICE `CHARLES BLOEMENDAL, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

PRocl-:ss oF P'RoDuclNc HYDRAULIC lvloRi-Atc.=

SPECIFICATION forming part of vLetters Patent NO. 519,599, dated May 8, 1894.

Application filed .T une 15, 1893. Serial No. 477,683. (No specimens.) Patented inGermany November 9,1890, No. 58,461, and

in England August 12,V 1891, No. 13,616.

To a/ZZ whom it may concern.;

Be it known that I, CHARLES BLOEMENDAL, a subject of the Queen of the Netherlands, and a resident of Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improved Processes of Producing Hydraulic Mortar, (for which Letters Patent have been obtained in Great Britain, No. 13,616, dated August 12, 1891, and in Germany, dated November 9, 1890, No.58,461,)

of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

` VIy invention relates to a process of and apparatus for producing hydraulic mortar from which the air is expelled. The interior air is withdrawn from the material (non-hydraulic cement and sand) for making thevmortar kby rinsing the same withwater which does not contain air in order to eect a thorough adhesion of the minuted particles.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown how my said invention may be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.l

Figurel represents a sectional view of the entire apparatus. Fig.` 2, is a plan View, taken on the line l-2,`Fig. Land Figs. 3 and L.tshow details drawn to an enlarged scale of the vanes of the stirrer. v

I employ an apparatus which comprises a mixing cylinder A provided with a stirrer B a water receptacleCand apump D. The'stirrer B is provided with vanes a each of which consists of a trough-shaped or hollow part a over.

which is stretched a perforated plate b and a filter cloth c secured to the edge of the vane by means of a frame cl. Each of the said Y to say, the cylinder Ais illed through a feed opening or manhole with the dry material (cement and sand) to about three quarters of its capacity; it is then hermetically closed andwater very slowly admitted from below Y terial escapes.

through a pipe f provided with a cock. This water partially displaces the air contained in the material, which escapes through an aircock g provided at the top of the cylinder. When the cylinder A is full the two cocks f and g are closed and a third cock h is opened; the stirrer B and the pump D being set in action atthe same time. The pump forces the water, which is preferably boiled in order to free it as much as lpossible ,from air, from the receptacle C into the cylinder A. After a certain pressure has been produced in the cylider another cock t' included infan upper pipe connecting the hollow shaft with the stirring being continued. The Water is saturated in the cylinder with air Iand passes through the filter cloths into the vanes a. By reason of the pressure exerted in the stirring by the vanes upon the material, the air passes rapidly into the vanes -and with 'the water through the above mentioned tubular piece a2 into the hollowshaft e, from which both pass through the upper pipe and cock 't' into the receptacle C. On leaving the upper pipe fi part of the air taken up from the ma- The circulation is .continued until the material is thoroughly mixed and has given off its air to a sufficient extent, then Ithe material is removed from the cylinder through a lower opening k. The material washed away through the filter cloth passes from the receptacle C through the pump into the-mixing cylinder; for this reason it is expedient to employ a membrane pump.V ,A lixiviationof the material cannot take place, as the water in the said receptacle C is used again aud-again. If the filters of the vanes are to be cleaned, wateris let in through one of the lower pipes hereinbefore referred to.

What I claim isl. The herein described process for producing hydraulic mortar, which consists in slowly saturating the material in a closed receptacle Y with water, maintaininga circulation of water, substantially free from air, 'through-the material, whereby the air contained in said material is taken up, and conducting said air outside the receptacle, substantially as described.

IOC

The herein described process for producl ing hydraulic mortar, which consists in slowly saturating the material, in a closed receptacle, with Water introduced from below, discharging the air thereby expelled,`simultane ously stirring said material and maintaining a circulation of Water, substantially free from air, therethrough, whereby the air contained in said material is taken up, and conducting said air outside the receptacle, substantially as described.

3. In apparatus for making hydraulic mortar, the combination of a cylinder A, a hollow 

